18th century
George and Martha Washington
No biological children together. Martha Washington had four children with Daniel Parke Custis. The two oldest (who died before her marriage to George Washington) are:
- Daniel Parke Custis (November 19, 1751 – February 19, 1754)
- Frances Parke Custis (April 12, 1753 – April 1, 1757)
Alleged illegitimate children of George Washington
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Thomas Posey |
July 9, 1750 – March 19, 1818 |
Martha Mathews
Mary Alexander Thornton |
Posey's parentage is unclear. According to rumors, Posey was born out of wedlock to the widow of George Harrison and was adopted by her second husband John Posey; that he was the illegitimate child of John Posey and another woman; or that he might have been the natural son of seventeen-year-old George Washington and an unnamed "Low Land Beauty" who was raised by the Poseys.[4][5] |
 |
West Ford |
c. 1784 – July 20, 1863 |
|
Caretaker at Mount Vernon; descendants assert Washington was his father, see West Ford § Washington fatherhood controversy |
John and Abigail Adams
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Abigail Adams
Nickname: Nabby or Amelia |
July 14, 1765 – August 15, 1813 |
William Stephens Smith |
Mother of:
- William Steuben Smith (1787–1850)
- John Adams Smith (1788–1854)
- Thomas Hollis Smith (1790–1791)
- Caroline Amelia Smith (1795–1852)
|
 |
John Quincy Adams
6th president (1825–1829) |
July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848 |
Louisa Catherine Johnson |
6th president of the United States, see below at John Quincy and Louisa Adams |
|
Susanna Adams
Nickname: Suky |
December 28, 1768 – February 4, 1770 |
no spouse |
died of an unknown illness |
 |
Charles Adams |
May 29, 1770 – November 30, 1800 |
Sarah Smith |
Father of:
- Susanna Boylston Adams (1796–1884)
- Abigail Louisa Smith Adams (1798–1836)
|
 |
Thomas Boylston Adams |
September 15, 1772 – March 13, 1832 |
Ann Harrod |
Father of:
- Abigail Smith Adams (1806–1845)
- Thomas Boylston Adams (1809–1837)
- Elizabeth Coombs Adams (1809–1903)
- Frances Foster Adams (1811–1812)
- Isaac Hull Adams (1813–1900)
- John Quincy Adams (1815–1854)
- Joseph Harrod Adams (1817–1853)
|
|
Elizabeth Adams |
July 11, 1777 |
no spouse |
stillborn |
19th century
Thomas and Martha Jefferson
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Martha Jefferson
Nickname: Patsy |
September 27, 1772 – October 10, 1836 |
Thomas Mann Randolph Jr. |
Mother of:
|
|
Jane Randolph Jefferson |
April 3, 1774 – September 1775[6] |
no spouse |
died of unknown causes |
|
unnamed son[7] |
May 28 – June 14, 1777 |
died in infancy |
|
Mary Jefferson
Nickname: Polly or Maria |
August 1, 1778 – April 17, 1804 |
John Wayles Eppes |
Mother of:
- Baby Girl Eppes (1799–1800)
|
|
Lucy Elizabeth Jefferson (I) |
November 30, 1780 – April 15, 1781 |
no spouse |
died of an unspecified illness[8] |
|
Lucy Elizabeth Jefferson (II) |
May 8, 1782 – ca. October 13, 1784[9] |
died of whooping cough[9] |
Martha Jefferson also had one son with her first husband Bathurst Skelton, who died before her marriage to Jefferson: John Skelton (November 7, 1767 – June 10, 1771)
Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings (enslaved concubine)
Children with Sally Hemings; see Jefferson DNA data
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Harriet Hemings (I) |
October 5, 1795 – December 7, 1797 |
no spouse |
died of unknown causes |
Beverly Hemings |
April 1, 1798 – after 1822 |
a white woman in Maryland |
one daughter, unknown name |
Unnamed Daughter Hemings |
ca. December 7, 1799 – ca. 1800 |
no spouse |
died in early childhood |
Harriet Hemings (II) |
May 22, 1801 – after 1822 |
unknown |
unknown |
Madison Hemings |
January 18, 1805 – November 26, 1877 |
Mary Hughes McCoy |
Father of:
- Unnamed Son Hemings (dates unknown)
- Sarah Hemings (1835-1884)
- Thomas Eston Hemings (1839-1865)
- Harriet Hemings (1842-1926)
- Mary Ann Hemings (1843-1921)
- William Beverly Hemings (1847-1910)
- James Madison Hemings (1849-1922)
- Julia Ann Hemings (1851-1867)
- Ellen Wayles Hemings (1856-1940)
|
Eston Hemings |
May 21, 1808 – January 3, 1856 |
Julia Ann Isaacs |
Father of:
- John Wayles Jefferson (1835–1892)
- Anna Wayles Jefferson (1837-1866)
- Beverly Frederick Jefferson (1839-1908)
|
Thomas Woodson, the father of Lewis Woodson and Sarah Jane Woodson, was also claimed to be a child of Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings. However, DNA testing of the male Jefferson line and the male Woodson line showed no link.
James and Dolley Madison
No children together, but raised the older of Dolley's two sons from her first marriage to John Todd.
James and Elizabeth Monroe
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Elizabeth Kortright Monroe
Nickname: Eliza |
December 1786 – January 27, 1840[11][12] |
George Hay |
Mother of Hortensia Monroe Hay (1809-1834) |
|
James Spence Monroe |
May 1799 – September 28, 1800[13][a] |
no spouse |
died after "several days sickness".[13] |
 |
Maria Hester Monroe |
April 8, 1802 – June 20, 1850 |
Samuel Laurence Gouverneur |
Mother of:
- Hester Gouverneur (1821-1821)
- James Monroe Gouverneur (1822–1885)
- Elizabeth Kortright Gouverneur (1824–1868)
- Samuel Laurence Gouverneur, Jr. (1826–1880)
|
John Quincy and Louisa Adams
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
George Washington Adams |
April 12, 1801 – April 30, 1829 |
none[b] |
Jumped off of a boat and drowned |
 |
John Adams II |
July 4, 1803 – October 23, 1834 |
Mary Catherine Hellen |
Father of:
- Mary Louisa (December 2, 1828 – July 16, 1859)
- Georgiana Frances (September 10, 1830 – November 20, 1839)
|
|
unnamed son[15] |
June 22, 1806 |
no spouse |
stillborn |
 |
Charles Francis Adams |
August 18, 1807 – November 21, 1886 |
Abigail Brown Brooks |
Served as United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (1861–1868)
Father of:
|
|
Louisa Catherine Adams |
August 12, 1811 – September 15, 1812 |
no spouse |
died in St. Petersburg, Russia from an unknown illness while her father was serving as Minister to Russia[16][17] |
Andrew and Rachel Jackson
No biological children together, informally "adopted" four.[18] Andrew and Rachel also served as guardians to at least eight other children, and there were a total of 37 individuals who could be considered wards of Andrew Jackson. According to researcher Rachel Meredith, "Andrew Jr. was the only ward that he and Rachel considered to be a child of theirs."[19] Andrew Jackson Jr. is the only person listed as a descendant of Andrew and Rachel in family trees included in volume one of The Papers of Andrew Jackson and in Robert V. Remini's biographies.[20][21]
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Andrew Jackson Jr. |
December 4, 1808 – April 17, 1865 |
Sarah Yorke |
Biological child of Rachel's brother Severn Donelson; adopted in infancy; father of five:
- Rachel Jackson Lawrence (1832–1923)
- Andrew Jackson III (1834–1906)
- Samuel Jackson (1837–1863)
- Thomas Jefferson Jackson (1841–1841)
- Robert Armstrong Jackson (1843–1843)
|
|
Theodore |
c. 1813 – before March 1814 |
|
Muscogee, possibly taken prisoner at Littafuchee, sent to live at the Hermitage as a companion for Andrew Jackson Jr. |
|
Charley |
fl. February–April 1814 |
|
Indigenous or mixed-race orphan, tribal affiliation unknown; Charley was given to Jackson, perhaps as a tribute, and he was sent to live at the Hermitage as a companion to Andrew Jackson Donelson |
 |
Lyncoya Jackson |
c. 1811 – July 1, 1828 |
No spouse, no children |
Muscogee survivor of the Battle of Tallushatchee; died of tuberculosis at the age of sixteen |
|
John Samuel Donelson |
before 1805–1817 |
No spouse, no children |
Orphaned nephews of Rachel, sons of Samuel Donelson who died in 1804 |
 |
Andrew Jackson Donelson |
August 25, 1799 – June 26, 1871 |
Emily Tennessee Donelson |
Elizabeth Martin Randolph |
 |
Daniel Smith Donelson |
June 23, 1801 – April 17, 1863 |
Margaret Donelson |
 |
Andrew Jackson Hutchings |
1812–1841 |
Mary Coffee |
Orphaned grandnephew of Rachel |
|
Caroline Swanwick Butler |
1789–1864 |
Robert G. Bell |
Orphaned children of family friend Edward Butler[22] |
|
Eliza Eleanor Butler |
April 20, 1791 – November 4, 1850 |
John Donelson IV (1787–1840)[c] |
 |
Edward George Washington Butler |
February 22, 1800 – September 5, 1888 |
Frances Parke Lewis[d] |
|
Anthony Wayne Butler |
1803 – September 1824 |
Unmarried, no issue |
Martin and Hannah Van Buren
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Abraham Van Buren II |
November 1807 – March 15, 1873 |
Angelica Singleton |
4 children |
 |
John Van Buren |
February 18, 1810 – October 13, 1866 |
Elizabeth Vanderpoel |
Father of:
- Anna Van Buren (1842–1923)
|
|
Martin Van Buren Jr.
Nickname: Matt |
December 20, 1812 – March 19, 1855 |
No spouse and no children |
died of tuberculosis |
|
Winfield Scott Van Buren |
1814 |
died in infancy |
|
Smith Thompson Van Buren |
January 16, 1817 – December 10, 1876 |
Ellen King James
Henrietta Eckford Irving |
7 children between 2 wives |
|
unnamed daughter[25] |
1818 or about 1807 |
no spouse |
stillborn |
William Henry and Anna Harrison
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Elizabeth Bassett Harrison
Nickname: Betsy |
September 29, 1796 – September 27, 1846 |
John Cleves Short |
1 child |
|
John Cleves Symmes Harrison |
October 28, 1798 – October 30, 1830 |
Clarissa Pike[e] |
6 children |
|
Lucy Singleton Harrison |
September 1800 – April 7, 1826[26] |
David K. Este[27] |
4 children |
|
William Henry Harrison Jr. |
September 3, 1802 – February 6, 1838[26] |
Jane Findlay Irwin |
3 children |
 |
John Scott Harrison |
October 4, 1804 – May 25, 1878 |
Lucretia Knapp Johnson |
3 children |
Elizabeth Ramsey Irwin |
Mother of 10, including 23rd president (1889–1893) Benjamin Harrison (1833–1901) |
|
Benjamin Harrison |
1806 – June 9, 1840[26] |
Louisa Smith Bonner |
2 children |
Mary Raney |
3 children |
|
Mary Symmes Harrison |
January 22, 1809 – November 16, 1842[28] |
John Henry Fitzhugh Thornton |
6 children[29] |
|
Carter Bassett Harrison |
October 26, 1811 – August 12, 1839 |
Mary Anne Sutherland |
1 child |
|
Anna Tuthill Harrison |
October 28, 1813 – July 5, 1845[28] |
William Henry Harrison Taylor[f] |
7 children |
|
James Findlay Harrison |
1814–1817[28] |
no spouse |
died of unknown causes |
William Henry Harrison and Dilsia (enslaved concubine)
Paternity unconfirmed as of 2024.
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Dilsia Harrison |
1809–before 1900 |
unknown |
Daughter conceived by one of his slaves.[30] |
|
Four others, given names unknown (Harrison) |
|
|
|
|
Marie Harrison |
1840–1875 |
no spouse |
Had 4 children with Augustus C. Ware (1830–1872). Grandmother of Walter Francis White, head of the NAACP. |
John and Letitia Tyler
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Mary Tyler |
April 15, 1815 – June 17, 1847 |
Henry Lightfoot Jones |
2 children |
 |
Robert Tyler |
September 9, 1816 – December 3, 1877 |
Elizabeth Priscilla Cooper |
8 children |
 |
John Tyler Jr. |
April 27, 1819 – January 26, 1896 |
Martha Rochelle |
3 children |
 |
Letitia Christian Tyler
Nickname: Letty |
May 11, 1821 – December 28, 1907 |
James Allen Semple |
no children |
|
Elizabeth Tyler
Nickname: Lizzie |
July 11, 1823 – June 1, 1850 |
William Nevison Waller |
5 children |
|
Anne Contesse Tyler[31] |
April 5 – July 1825 |
no spouse |
died in infancy |
|
Alice Tyler |
March 23, 1827 – June 8, 1854 |
Henry Mandeville Denison |
1 daughter[32] |
|
Tazewell Tyler |
December 6, 1830 – January 8, 1874 |
Nannie Bridges |
1 daughter |
John Tyler and multiple unidentified enslaved concubines
Paternity unconfirmed as of 2024. Abolitionist Joshua Leavitt reported the information about John Tyler and Charles Tyler. The claim that Tyler had fathered multiple children with slaves was largely ignored by 19th-century historians. In addition to the Dunjees, the Brown family of Charles City County claims descent from Tyler by an enslaved concubine. Biographer Edward P. Crapol states that Tyler's white descendants are skeptical of claims by the Browns. However, per Crapol, in light of the resolution of the Hemings–Jefferson controversy in favor of Hemings descendants, "claims that John Tyler fathered children by his slaves must be taken seriously and examined thoroughly."[33]
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Charles Tyler |
b. c. 1810–1820? (est.) |
|
Per Leavitt, escaped to Canada through Poughkeepsie, eventually moved to England as a servant of Governor-General John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham[33] |
|
John Tyler |
b. c. 1815–1830? (est.) |
|
Per Leavitt by way of a Baptist minister, John Tyler the younger had been sold out of Williamsburg to a new owner in Richmond; he claimed that he was one of several children Tyler fathered with his mother but "I reckon they are all sold before now."[33] |
 |
John William Dunjee |
1833–1903 |
Lydia Ann Taylor |
Allegedly the son of John Tyler[34]
Father of:
|
John and Julia Tyler
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
David Gardiner Tyler
Nickname: Gardie |
July 12, 1846 – September 5, 1927 |
Mary Morris Jones |
5 children |
|
John Alexander Tyler
Nickname: Alex |
April 7, 1848 – September 1, 1883 |
Sarah Griswold Gardiner |
2 children |
|
Julia Gardiner Tyler |
December 25, 1849 – May 8, 1871 |
William H. Spencer |
Julia Tyler Spencer Cheever (1871–1955, born via coffin birth) |
|
Lachlan Tyler |
December 2, 1851 – January 26, 1902 |
Georgia Webb Powell |
no children |
 |
Lyon Gardiner Tyler |
August 24, 1853 – February 12, 1935 |
Anne Baker Tucker |
Father of:
- Julia Gardiner Tyler (1881–1965)
- Elizabeth Gilmour Tyler (1885–1976)
- John Tyler (1889–1969)
|
Sue Ruffin |
Father of:
Harrison is still alive as of December 3, 2020,[35] making John Tyler the earliest president with still-living grandchildren.
|
|
Robert Fitzwalter Tyler |
March 12, 1856 – December 30, 1927 |
Fannie Glenn |
at least 3 children |
|
Margaret Pearl Tyler |
June 20, 1860 – June 30, 1947 |
William Munford Ellis |
8 children |
James and Sarah Polk
The Polks remain the only presidential couple to never have children (biologically, adopted, or from previous marriage).
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Marshall Tate Polk Jr. |
May 15, 1831 – February 29, 1884 |
Evalina McNeal Bills |
Guardianship/Legal ward, nephew, son of brother Marshall Tate Polk |
 |
Sarah Polk Fall |
April 1, 1847 – July 22, 1924 |
George William Fall |
Legal ward, shortly after the death of the president his widow unofficially adopted a great niece |
Zachary and Margaret Taylor
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Ann Mackall Taylor |
April 9, 1811 – December 2, 1875 |
Dr. Robert Crooke Wood |
Mother of 4, including John Taylor Wood (1830–1904) |
 |
Sarah Knox Taylor
Nickname: Knoxie |
March 6, 1814 – September 15, 1835[36] |
Jefferson F. Davis |
died from malaria as a newlywed |
|
Octavia Pannel Taylor[37] [g] |
August 16, 1816 – September 3, 1820[36] |
no spouse |
died from malaria [h] |
|
Margaret Smith Taylor |
July 17, 1819 – October 1820 |
died from malaria [i] |
 |
Mary Elizabeth Taylor
Nickname: Betty |
April 20, 1824 – July 25, 1909 |
William Wallace Smith Bliss |
Betty Bliss served as President Taylor's White House hostess, as the First Lady was an invalid. |
Philip Pendleton Dandridge |
 |
Richard Taylor
Nickname: Dick |
January 27, 1826 – April 17, 1879[36] |
Louise Marie Myrthe Bringier |
Father of Richard, Zachary, Louise, Elizabeth, and Myrthe. |
Millard and Abigail Fillmore
Fillmore's second wife was Caroline Fillmore but they had no children.
Franklin and Jane Pierce
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Franklin Pierce Jr. |
February 2–5, 1836 |
no spouse |
died from complications to his birth |
|
Frank Robert Pierce |
August 27, 1839 – November 14, 1843 |
died of typhus fever after contracting it along with his brother |
 |
Benjamin Pierce
Nickname: Benny |
April 13, 1841 – January 6, 1853 |
died in a train accident in front of his parents, weeks before his father was inaugurated |
James Buchanan
Buchanan never married or had children; he served as legal guardian of two nieces.
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Mary Elizabeth Speer Lane |
1826–1855 |
George Washington Baker |
Adopted daughter;
niece (daughter of sister Jane Buchanan and Elliot Tole Lane) |
 |
Harriet Rebecca Lane |
May 9, 1830 – July 3, 1903 |
Henry Elliott Johnston |
Adopted daughter;
niece (daughter of sister Jane Buchanan and Elliot Tole Lane);
served as Acting First Lady
Mother of:
- James Buchanan Johnston (1866–1881)
- Henry Elliott Johnston (1870–1882)
|
Abraham and Mary Lincoln
Andrew and Eliza Johnson
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Martha Johnson |
October 25, 1828 – July 10, 1901 |
David Trotter Patterson |
Martha Johnson Patterson § Descendants:
- Andrew Johnson Patterson (1857–1932)
- Mary Belle Patterson Landstreet (1859–1891)[45]
|
 |
Charles Johnson |
February 19, 1830 – April 4, 1863 |
No spouse and no children |
|
 |
Mary Johnson |
May 8, 1832 – April 19, 1883 |
Daniel Stover |
Mary Johnson Stover § Descendants
- Eliza Johnson "Lillie" Stover Maloney (1855–1892)
- Sarah Drake Stover Bachman (1857–1886)
- Andrew Johnson Stover (1860–1923)
|
William R. Brown |
 |
Robert Johnson |
February 22, 1834 – April 22, 1869 |
No spouse and no children |
|
 |
Andrew Johnson Jr.
Nickname: Frank |
August 5, 1852 – March 12, 1879 |
Bessie May Rumbough |
No children |
Andrew and Dolly Johnson (enslaved concubine)
Andrew Johnson was most likely the father of Liz, Florence, and William Andrew by Dolly Johnson; paternity not confirmed as of 2024.
Ulysses and Julia Grant
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Frederick Dent Grant |
May 30, 1850 – April 12, 1912 |
Ida Marie Honoré |
Father of:
|
 |
Ulysses S. Grant Jr.
Nickname: Buck |
July 22, 1852 – September 25, 1929 |
Frances Josephine "Fannie" Chaffee |
Father of 5:
- Miriam Grant (1881-1940)
- Chaffee Grant (1883-1940)
- Julia Dent Grant (1885-1964)
- Fannie Grant (1889-1924)
- Ulysses Simpson Grant IV (1893–1977)
|
America Rosa Workman Will |
No children |
 |
Ellen Wrenshall Grant
Nickname: Nellie |
July 4, 1855 – August 30, 1922 |
Algernon Charles Frederick Sartoris |
Mother of:
- Grant Grenville Edward Sartoris (1875–1876)
- Algernon Edward Sartoris (1877–1928)
- Vivien May Sartoris (1879–1933)
- Rosemary Alice Sartoris (1880–1914)
|
Frank Hatch Jones |
No children |
 |
Jesse Root Grant II |
February 6, 1858 – June 8, 1934 |
Elizabeth Mary Chapman |
Father of:
|
Lillian Burns Wilkins |
No children |
Rutherford and Lucy Hayes
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Birchard Austin Hayes |
November 4, 1853 – January 24, 1926 |
Mary Nancy Sherman |
Father of:
- Rutherford Birchard Hayes (1887-1888)
- Sherman Otis Hayes (1889-1949)
- Webb Cook Hayes II (1890-1957)
- Walter Sherman Hayes (1893-1976)
- Scott Russell Hayes (1894-1968)
|
 |
James Webb Cook Hayes
Nickname: Webb |
March 20, 1856 – July 26, 1934 |
Mary Otis Brinkerhoff Miller |
No children |
 |
Rutherford Platt Hayes |
June 24, 1858 – July 31, 1927 |
Lucy Hayes Platt |
Father of;
- Rutherford Birchard Hayes (1896-1902)
- William Platt Hayes (1897-1976)
- Birchard Platt Hayes (1902-1958)
|
|
Joseph Thompson Hayes
Nickname: Jody |
December 21, 1861 – June 24, 1863 |
no spouse |
died of dysentery |
|
George Crook Hayes |
September 29, 1864 – May 4, 1866 |
died of scarlet fever |
|
Frances Hayes
Nickname: Fanny |
September 2, 1867 – March 18, 1950 |
Harry Eaton Smith |
1 child;
- Dalton Smith Hayes (1898-1950)
|
 |
Scott Russell Hayes |
February 8, 1871 – May 6, 1923 |
Maude Anderson |
No children |
|
Manning Force Hayes |
August 1, 1873 – August 28, 1874[51] |
no spouse |
died in infancy, as a result of dysentery[52] |
James and Lucretia Garfield
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
Eliza Arabella Garfield
Nickname: Trot |
July 3, 1860 – December 3, 1863 |
no spouse |
died of diphtheria[53] |
 |
Harry Augustus Garfield
Nickname: Hal |
October 11, 1863 – December 12, 1942 |
Belle Hartford Mason |
Father of 4 children:
- James Garfield (1889-1976)
- Mason Garfield (1892-1945)
- Lucretia Garfield (1894-1968)
- Stanton Garfield (1895-1979)
|
 |
James Rudolph Garfield |
October 17, 1865 – March 24, 1950 |
Helen Newell |
He was Secretary of the Interior during Theodore Roosevelt's administration.
Father of:
- John Newell Garfield (1892–1931)
- James Abram Garfield (1894-1969)
- Newell Garfield (1895–1975)
- Rudolph Hills Garfield (1899–1946)
|
 |
Mary Garfield
Nickname: Mollie |
January 16, 1867 – December 30, 1947 |
Joseph Stanley-Brown |
Mother of:[54]
- Rudolph Stanley-Brown (1889–1944)
- Ruth Stanley-Brown (1892–1981)
- Margaret "Peggy" Stanley-Brown (1895–1958)
|
 |
Irvin McDowell Garfield |
August 3, 1870 – July 18, 1951 |
Susan Emmons |
Father of 3:
- Eleanor Garfield (1908-2002)
- Jane Garfield (1910-2004)
- Irvin McDowell Garfield Jr. (1913-1985)
|
 |
Abram Garfield |
November 21, 1872 – October 16, 1958 |
Sarah Granger Williams |
Father of:
- Edward Williams Garfield (1899-1979)
- Mary Louise Garfield (1903-1991)
|
Helen Grannis Matthews |
No children |
|
Edward Garfield |
December 25, 1874 – October 25, 1876 |
no spouse |
died of whooping cough |
Chester and Ellen Arthur
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
|
William Lewis Arthur |
December 10, 1860 – July 7, 1863 |
no spouse |
died of convulsions |
 |
Chester Alan Arthur II
Nickname: Alan |
July 25, 1864 – July 18, 1937 |
Myra Townsend |
Father of:
|
Rowena Graves |
 |
Ellen Hansbrough Herndon Arthur
Nickname: Nell |
November 21, 1871 – September 6, 1915 |
Charles Pinkerton |
No children |
Grover Cleveland and Maria Halpin
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Dr. James E. King Jr.
Birth name: Oscar Folsom Cleveland |
September 15, 1874 – March 9, 1947 |
Rose A. Kleinschmidt Weber (divorced); no children |
Illegitimate son of Cleveland with Maria Halpin; adopted as a baby by the doctor who supervised the asylum where Halpin was confined during pregnancy. |
Grover and Frances Cleveland
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Ruth Cleveland
Nickname: Baby Ruth |
October 3, 1891 – January 7, 1904 |
no spouse |
died of diphtheria |
 |
Esther Cleveland |
September 9, 1893 – June 25, 1980 |
William Sydney Bence Bosanquet |
First presidential child to be born in the White House.
Mother of:
- Marion Frances Daniel, née Bosanquet (1919–2016)
- Philippa Foot, née Bosanquet (1920–2010)
|
 |
Marion Cleveland |
July 7, 1895 – March 10, 1977 |
William Stanley Dell |
Mother of Frances Folsom Dell (1920–2005)[55] |
John Harlan Amen |
Mother of Grover Cleveland Amen (1932–1997) |
 |
Richard Folsom Cleveland
Nickname: Dick |
October 28, 1897 – January 10, 1974 |
Ellen Douglas Gailor |
Father of:
- Ann Mary Cleveland (1925–2015)
- Thomas Grover Cleveland (1927–2020)
- Charlotte Gailor Cleveland (1930–2007)
|
Jessie Maxwell Black |
Father of:
- Frances Black Cleveland (born 1946)
- George Maxwell Cleveland (born 1952)
- Margaret Folsom Cleveland (1956–2021)
|
|
Francis Cleveland |
July 18, 1903 – November 8, 1995 |
Alice Erdman |
Father of Marion C. Cleveland (1925–2014) |
Benjamin and Caroline Harrison
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Russell Benjamin Harrison |
August 12, 1854 – December 13, 1936 |
May Angeline Saunders |
Born Russell Farnum Lord Harrison
Father of:
|
 |
Mary Scott Harrison
Nickname: Mamie |
April 3, 1858 – October 28, 1930 |
James Robert McKee |
Served as acting First Lady
Mother of:
- Benjamin Harrison McKee (1887–1958)
- Mary Lodge McKee Reisinger (1888–1967)
|
|
unnamed daughter |
June 13, 1861 |
no spouse |
stillborn |
Benjamin and Mary Harrison
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Elizabeth Harrison Walker |
February 21, 1897 – December 25, 1955 |
James Blaine Walker |
Mother of:
- Benjamin Harrison Walker (1921 - 1995)
- Jane Harrison Walker Garfield (1929 - 2020)
|
William and Ida McKinley
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Katherine McKinley
Nickname: Katie |
December 25, 1871 – June 25, 1875 |
No spouse |
died of typhoid fever |
|
Ida McKinley |
April 1 – August 22, 1873 |
No spouse |
died in infancy |
20th century
Theodore and Alice Roosevelt
Theodore and Edith Roosevelt
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
Nickname: Ted |
September 13, 1887 – July 12, 1944 |
Eleanor Butler Alexander |
Governor General of the Philippines and Governor of Puerto Rico.
Father of:
|
 |
Kermit Roosevelt |
October 10, 1889 – June 4, 1943 |
Belle Wyatt Willard[56] |
Father of:
|
 |
Ethel Carow Roosevelt |
August 13, 1891 – December 10, 1977 |
Richard Derby |
Mother of:
|
 |
Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt
Nickname: Archie |
April 10, 1894 – October 13, 1979 |
Grace Lockwood |
Father of:
|
 |
Quentin Roosevelt
Nickname: Quentyquee or Quinikins |
November 19, 1897 – July 14, 1918 |
No spouse and no children |
died in combat in World War I |
William and Helen Taft
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Robert Alphonso Taft |
September 8, 1889 – July 31, 1953 |
Martha Wheaton Bowers |
US senator (1939–1953) and Majority Leader (1953)
Father of:
|
 |
Helen Herron Taft
Nickname: Helene |
August 1, 1891 – February 21, 1987 |
Frederick Johnson Manning |
Mother of:
- Helen Taft Manning (1921–2013)
- Caroline Manning (1925–2020)
|
 |
Charles Phelps Taft II
Nickname: Charlie |
September 20, 1897 – June 24, 1983 |
Eleanor Kellogg Chase |
Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio
Father of:
- Eleanor Kellogg Taft (1918–2004)
- Sylvia Howard Taft (1920–2008)
- Seth Chase Taft (1922–2013)
- Lucia Chase Taft (1924–1955)
- Cynthia Herron Taft (1928–2013)
- Rosalyn Rawson Taft (1930–1941)
- Peter Rawson Taft III (b. 1936)
|
Woodrow and Ellen Wilson
Wilson's second wife Edith Wilson, with her first husband Norman Galt, had one son, who died in infancy before her marriage to Wilson.
Warren G. and Florence Harding
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Marshall Eugene DeWolfe
Nickname: Pete |
September 22, 1880 – January 1, 1915 |
Esther Naomi Neely |
Stepson from Florence's first marriage, to Henry Athenton DeWolfe.
Father of:
- Eugenia DeWolfe (1911–1978)
- George Warren DeWolfe (1914–1968)
|
Warren G. Harding and Nan Britton
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Elizabeth Ann Britton
Nickname: Emma or Ann |
October 22, 1919 – November 17, 2005 |
Henry Edward Blaesing |
Illegitimate daughter of Warren G. Harding, proven by DNA testing in 2015.[57] Mother of:
- Thomas Jay Blaesing (born 1947)
- James Edward Blaesing (born 1950)
- Philip Alan Blaesing (born 1954)
|
Calvin and Grace Coolidge
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
John Coolidge |
September 7, 1906 – May 31, 2000 |
Florence Trumbull |
Father of:
- Cynthia Coolidge Jeter (1933–1989)
- Lydia Coolidge Sayles (1939–2001)
|
 |
Calvin Coolidge Jr. |
April 13, 1908 – July 7, 1924 |
no spouse |
died of blood poisoning |
Herbert and Lou Hoover
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Herbert Charles Hoover |
August 4, 1903 – July 9, 1969 |
Margaret Ava Watson |
Served as Under Secretary of State (October 4, 1954 – February 5, 1957) in the Eisenhower Administration.
Variously named as "Herbert Hoover, Jr.,"[58] "Herbert Charles Hoover,"[59] and "Herbert Clark Hoover."[60]
Father of:
- Margaret Ann Hoover (1926–2011)
- Herbert "Pete" Hoover III (1927–2010)
- Joan Leslie Hoover (1930–2002)
|
 |
Allan Henry Hoover |
July 17, 1907 – November 4, 1993 |
Margaret Coberly |
Father of:
- Allan Henry Hoover Jr. (1938–2013)
- Andrew Hoover (b. 1940)
- Lou Henry Hoover (1943–2012)
|
Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
 |
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt |
May 3, 1906 – December 1, 1975 |
Curtis Bean Dall |
Mother of:
|
Clarence John Boettiger |
Mother of John Roosevelt Boettiger (b. 1939)[56] |
James Addison Halsted |
No children with James Halsted |
 |
James Roosevelt
Nickname: Jimmy |
December 23, 1907 – August 13, 1991 |
Betsey Maria Cushing[56] |
Father of:
|
Romelle Theresa Schneider |
Father of:
- James Roosevelt Jr. (born 1945)
- Michael Anthony Roosevelt (born 1946)
- Anna Eleanor "Anne" Roosevelt (born 1948) [56]
|
Gladys Irene Owens |
Father of Hall Delano Roosevelt (born 1959) |
Mary Lena Winskill |
Father of Rebecca Mary Roosevelt (born 1971) |
|
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (I) |
March 18, 1909 – November 8, 1909 |
no spouse |
died as an infant |
 |
Elliott Roosevelt |
September 23, 1910 – October 27, 1990 |
Elizabeth Browning Donner |
Father of William Donner Roosevelt (1932–2003)[56] |
Ruth Josephine Googins |
Father of:
- Ruth "Lindsley" Chandler Roosevelt (1934–2018)[56]
- Elliott "Tony" Roosevelt Jr. (b. 1936)[56]
- David Boynton Roosevelt (1942–2022)[61]
|
Faye Margaret Emerson |
No children with Faye Emerson |
Minnewa Bell |
No children with Minnewa Bell |
Patricia Peabody Whitehead |
Father of Livingston Delano Roosevelt (born March 16, 1962; died March 21, 1962). Adopted four stepchildren from Patricia Peabody Roosevelt's first marriage. |
 |
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (II) |
August 17, 1914 – August 17, 1988 |
Ethel du Pont |
Father of:
|
Suzanne Perrin |
Father of:
- Nancy Suzanne Roosevelt (b. 1952)[56]
- Laura Delano Roosevelt (b. 1959)[56]
|
Felicia Schiff Warburg |
No children with Felicia Warburg Roosevelt |
Patricia Luisa Oakes |
Father of John Alexander Roosevelt (b. 1977)[56] |
Linda McKay Stevenson |
No children with Linda Stevenson Roosevelt |
 |
John Aspinwall Roosevelt II |
March 13, 1916 – April 27, 1981 |
Anne Lindsay Clark |
Father of:
- Haven Clark Roosevelt (b. 1940)[56]
- Anne Sturgis "Nina" Roosevelt (b. 1942)[56]
- Sara Delano "Sally" Roosevelt (1946–1960)[56]
- Joan Lindsay Roosevelt (1952–1997)[56]
|
Irene Elder Boyd |
No children with Irene Boyd Roosevelt |
Harry and Bess Truman
Dwight and Mamie Eisenhower
John and Jacqueline Kennedy
Lyndon and Lady Bird Johnson
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Lynda Bird Johnson[62] |
born March 19, 1944 |
Charles Spittal Robb[62] |
Currently the oldest living presidential child
Mother of:
- Lucinda Desha Robb (b. 1968)[62]
- Catherine Lewis Robb (b. 1970)[62]
- Jennifer Wickliffe Robb (b. 1978)[62]
|
Washington, D.C. |
 |
Lucy Baines Johnson[62]
Nickname: Luci |
born July 2, 1947 |
Patrick John Nugent |
Mother of:
- Patrick Lyndon Nugent (b. 1967)
- Nicole Marie Nugent (b. 1970)
- Rebekah Johnson Nugent (b. 1974)
- Claudia Taylor Nugent (b. 1976)
|
Ian Johnstone Turpin |
One stepson: Stuart Leonard Turpin (b. 1978) |
Richard and Pat Nixon
Gerald and Betty Ford
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Michael Gerald Ford |
born March 14, 1950 |
Gayle Ann Brumbaugh |
Father of:
- Sarah Joyce Ford (b. 1979)
- Rebekah Elizabeth Ford (b. 1982)
- Hannah Gayle Ford (b. 1985)
|
East Grand Rapids, Michigan |
 |
John Gardner Ford
Nickname: Jack |
born March 16, 1952 |
Juliann Felando |
Father of:
- Christian Gerald Ford (b. 1997)
- Jonathan August Ford (b. 1999)
|
 |
Steven Meigs Ford |
born May 19, 1956 |
No spouse |
No children |
 |
Susan Elizabeth Ford |
born July 6, 1957 |
Charles Vance |
Mother of:
- Tyne Mary Vance (b. 1980)
- Heather Elizabeth Vance (b. 1983)
|
Washington, D.C. |
Vaden Bales |
No children with Vaden Bales |
Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
|
John William Carter
Nickname: Jack |
born July 3, 1947 |
Juliet “Judy” Langford |
Father of:
|
Portsmouth, Virginia |
Elizabeth Brasfield |
Two stepchildren: John Chuldenko and Sarah Chuldenko Reynolds |
 |
James Earl Carter III
Nickname: Chip, Jim III, and Jimmy Jr. |
born April 12, 1950 |
Caron Griffin |
Father of:
- James Earl Carter IV (b. 1977)[63]
|
Honolulu, Hawaii |
Ginger Hodges |
Father of:
- Margaret Alicia Carter (b. 1987)[63]
|
Becky Payne |
One stepson: Casey Payne Gallagher (born 1985) |
|
Donnel Jeffrey Carter
Nickname: Jeff |
born August 18, 1952 |
Annette Jene Davis (1952–2021) |
Father of:
- Joshua Jeffrey Carter (b. 1984)[63]
- Jeremy Davis Carter (1987–2015)
- James Carlton Carter (b. 1991)[63]
|
New London, Connecticut |
 |
Amy Lynn Carter |
born October 19, 1967 |
James Gregory Wentzel |
Mother of Hugo James Wentzel (b. 1999)[63] |
Plains, Georgia |
John Joseph "Jay" Kelly |
Mother of Errol Carter Kelly |
Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Maureen Elizabeth Reagan |
January 4, 1941 – August 8, 2001 |
John Filippone |
No children |
Los Angeles, California |
David Sills |
No children |
Dennis C. Revell |
Mother of Margaret "Rita" Mirembe Revell (adopted) |
 |
Michael Edward Reagan (adopted)
Nickname: Mike
|
born March 18, 1945 |
Pamela Gail Putnam |
No children |
Colleen Sterns |
Father of:
- Cameron Michael Reagan (b. 1978)
- Ashley Marie Reagan (b. 1983)
|
|
Christine Reagan |
June 26, 1947 – June 27, 1947 |
no spouse |
Died shortly after birth |
|
Ronald and Nancy Reagan
George H. W. and Barbara Bush
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
George Walker Bush
43rd president (2001–2009) |
born July 6, 1946 |
Laura Lane Welch |
46th governor of Texas (1995–2000) and 43rd president of the United States
see below at George W. and Laura Bush
|
New Haven, Connecticut |
 |
Pauline Robinson Bush
Nickname: Robin |
December 20, 1949 – October 11, 1953 |
no spouse |
died of leukemia |
Compton, California |
 |
John Ellis Bush
Nickname: Jeb |
born February 11, 1953 |
Columba Garnica Gallo |
43rd governor of Florida (1999–2007)
Father of:
|
Midland, Texas |
 |
Neil Mallon Bush |
born January 22, 1955 |
Sharon Smith |
Father of:
|
Maria Manass Andrews |
Three stepchildren from Maria A. Bush's first marriage:
- Elizabeth Dwen "Lizzie" Andrews (born 1991)
- Robert "Pace" Andrews II (born 1994)
- Thomas Alexander "Alex" Andrews (born 2001)
|
 |
Marvin Pierce Bush |
born October 22, 1956 |
Margaret Conway Molster |
Father of:
- Marshall Lloyd Bush (b. 1986) (adopted)
- Charles Walker Bush (b. 1989) (adopted)
|
 |
Dorothy Walker Bush
Nickname: Doro |
born August 18, 1959 |
William LeBlond |
Mother of:
- Samuel Bush "Sam" LeBlond (b. 1984)
- Nancy Ellis "Ellie" LeBlond (b. 1986)
|
Harris County, Texas |
Robert P. Koch |
Mother of:
- Robert David Koch (b. 1993)
- Georgia Grace "Gigi" Koch (b. 1996)
|
Bill and Hillary Clinton
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Chelsea Victoria Clinton |
born February 27, 1980 |
Marc Mezvinsky |
Mother of:
- Charlotte Clinton Mezvinsky (b. 2014)
- Aidan Clinton Mezvinsky (b. 2016)
- Jasper Clinton Mezvinsky (b. 2019)
|
Little Rock, Arkansas |
21st century
George W. and Laura Bush
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Barbara Pierce Bush |
born November 25, 1981 |
Craig Louis Coyne |
Mother of:
- Cora Georgia Coyne (b. 2021)
- Edward Finn Coyne (b. 2024)
|
Dallas, Texas |
 |
Jenna Welch Bush |
Henry Chase Hager |
Mother of:
- Margaret Laura "Mila" Hager (b. 2013)
- Poppy Louise Hager (b. 2015)
- Henry "Hal" Harold Hager (b. 2019)
|
Barack and Michelle Obama
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Malia Ann Obama |
born July 4, 1998 |
Unmarried |
|
Chicago, Illinois |
 |
Natasha Marian Obama
Nickname: Sasha |
born June 10, 2001 |
|
Donald and Ivana Trump
Donald Trump and Marla Maples
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Tiffany Ariana Trump |
born October 13, 1993 |
Michael Boulos |
No children |
West Palm Beach, Florida |
Donald and Melania Trump
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Barron William Trump |
born March 20, 2006 |
Unmarried |
Youngest living child of any president.[64] |
Manhattan, New York |
Joe and Neilia Hunter Biden
Child |
Lifetime |
Spouse |
Notes |
Place of birth |
 |
Joseph Robinette Biden III
Nickname: Beau |
February 3, 1969 – May 30, 2015 |
Hallie Olivere |
Attorney General of Delaware (2007–2015)
Father of:
- Natalie Naomi Biden (b. 2004)
- Robert Hunter Biden II (b. 2006)
|
Wilmington, Delaware |
 |
Robert Hunter Biden
Nickname: Hunter |
born February 4, 1970 |
Kathleen Buhle
divorced |
Father of:
- Naomi King Biden (b. 1993)
- Finnegan James Biden (b. 2000)
- Roberta Mabel "Maisy" Biden (b. 2001)
|
Lunden Roberts |
Father of:
- Navy Joan Roberts (b. 2018)[65]
|
Melissa Cohen |
Father of:
- Joseph Robinette "Beau" Biden IV (b. 2020)
|
|
Naomi Christina Biden
Nickname: Amy |
November 8, 1971 – December 18, 1972 |
no spouse |
Died in a car accident with her mother |
Joe and Jill Biden
Living presidential children
As of February 2025, 33 presidential children are living. In order of their ages, they are:
Current first child
Name |
Birth |
President |
Lynda Bird Johnson Robb |
March 19, 1944 (age 80) |
Lyndon B. Johnson |
Michael Reagan |
March 18, 1945 (age 79) |
Ronald Reagan |
Tricia Nixon Cox |
February 21, 1946 (age 79) |
Richard Nixon |
George W. Bush |
July 6, 1946 (age 78) |
George H. W. Bush |
Luci Baines Johnson |
July 2, 1947 (age 77) |
Lyndon B. Johnson |
Jack Carter |
July 3, 1947 (age 77) |
Jimmy Carter |
Julie Nixon Eisenhower |
July 5, 1948 (age 76) |
Richard Nixon |
Michael Gerald Ford |
March 14, 1950 (age 74) |
Gerald Ford |
James Earl Carter III |
April 12, 1950 (age 74) |
Jimmy Carter |
John Gardner Ford |
March 16, 1952 (age 72) |
Gerald Ford |
Jeff Carter |
August 18, 1952 (age 72) |
Jimmy Carter |
Patti Davis |
October 21, 1952 (age 72) |
Ronald Reagan |
Jeb Bush |
February 11, 1953 (age 72) |
George H. W. Bush |
Neil Bush |
January 22, 1955 (age 70) |
Steven Ford |
May 19, 1956 (age 68) |
Gerald Ford |
Marvin Bush |
October 22, 1956 (age 68) |
George H. W. Bush |
Susan Ford Bales |
July 6, 1957 (age 67) |
Gerald Ford |
Caroline Kennedy |
November 27, 1957 (age 67) |
John F. Kennedy |
Ron Reagan |
May 20, 1958 (age 66) |
Ronald Reagan |
Dorothy Bush Koch |
August 18, 1959 (age 65) |
George H. W. Bush |
Amy Carter |
October 19, 1967 (age 57) |
Jimmy Carter |
Hunter Biden |
February 4, 1970 (age 55) |
Joe Biden |
Donald Trump Jr. |
December 31, 1977 (age 47) |
Donald Trump |
Chelsea Clinton |
February 27, 1980 (age 44) |
Bill Clinton |
Ashley Biden |
June 8, 1981 (age 43) |
Joe Biden |
Ivanka Trump |
October 30, 1981 (age 43) |
Donald Trump |
Barbara Pierce Bush |
November 25, 1981 (age 43) |
George W. Bush |
Jenna Bush Hager |
Eric Trump |
January 6, 1984 (age 41) |
Donald Trump |
Tiffany Trump |
October 13, 1993 (age 31) |
Malia Obama |
July 4, 1998 (age 26) |
Barack Obama |
Sasha Obama |
June 10, 2001 (age 23) |
Barron Trump |
March 20, 2006 (age 18) |
Donald Trump |
The most recent presidential child to die was Beau Biden, the eldest son of Joe Biden, who died on May 30, 2015, at the age of 46, before his father became president. The most recent presidential child to die who lived during their father's presidency was John Eisenhower, the only surviving son of Dwight D. Eisenhower, who died on December 21, 2013, at the age of 91. He was also the father-in-law of Julie Nixon Eisenhower, another presidential child.
See also
Notes
- James Monroe wrote that his only son died on September 28, 1800. The date of September 28, 1801 that is said to appear on the James Spence Monroe gravestone in the St. John's Episcopal Church (Richmond, Virginia) churchyard is not contemporaneous to the child's death, the location of the actual grave remains unknown.[14]
-
- He had a mistress, Eliza Dolph, who had a child, but it is unclear who the baby's father was.
-
- John Donelson IV was a nephew of Rachel Donelson Jackson, son of John Donelson and Mary Purnell.[23]
-
- Frances Parke Lewis was the step great-granddaughter of George Washington[24]
-
- Clarissa Pike was the daughter of Zebulon Pike, who discovered Pike's Peak
-
- William Henry Harrison Taylor was Anna Tuthill Harrison's cousin
-
- Some sources spell this name as Octavia Pannill Taylor.[38]
-
- Octavia's illness was described by her father as "bilious fever."[39]
-
- Margaret's illness was described by her father as "bilious fever."[39]
-
- Though Andrew Johnson's son Robert was listed on William Andrew Johnson's death certificate as being William Andrew's father, many historians theorize that Andrew Johnson was the actual father of William Andrew Johnson.[47][48]
References
- Sheynkin, Yefim; Melquist, Jonathan; Gioia, Kevin; Schulsinger, David (April 2011). "CHILDLESS WHITE HOUSE: INFERTILE AMERICAN PRESIDENTS". Journal of Urology. 185 (4S). doi:10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.1078. ISSN 0022-5347.
-
- See, e.g., Angelo, First Families.
-
- See, e.g., Zwicker, "America's Royalty", Presidential Studies Quarterly.
-
- "Founders Online: To George Washington from Thomas Posey, 20 November 1791".
-
- Posey, John Thornton (December 27, 1990). "Governor Thomas Posey: The Son of George Washington?". Indiana Magazine of History. 86 (1): 28–49. JSTOR 27791352.
-
- "Thomas Jefferson's Family". Jefferson Quotes & Family Letters (Thomas Jefferson: Retirement Series). Thomas Jefferson Foundation, Inc. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
-
- Quinn, Sandra L.; Kanter, Sanford (1995). America's Royalty: All the Presidents' Children. Greenwood Publishing. p. 19. ISBN 9780313295355.
-
- Quinn, Sandra L.; Kanter, Sanford (1995). America's Royalty: All the Presidents' Children. Greenwood Publishing. p. 21. ISBN 9780313295355.
-
- "Lucy Jefferson (1782 – 1784)". monticello.org. Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Retrieved January 14, 2018.
-
- "Dolley Madison". Biography. April 23, 2021.
-
- Letter, April 10, 1788, James Monroe (Richmond, Virginia) to Thomas Jefferson (Paris)The Thomas Jefferson Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.: "...I think I mention'd to you in my last Mrs. M[onroe] had made us happy by giving us a daughter who is now 16 months old an[d] begins to talk..."
-
- February 3, 1840, The Observer (London, England), page 1: "BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS...DIED... [January] 27th, at her residence in the Champs Elysees, Paris, Mrs. Elizabeth K. M. Hay, relict of the late George Hay, Esq., of Virginia, and daughter of the late James Monroe, Esq., formerly President of the United States of America."
-
- Monroe, James. "James Spence Monroe". The Papers of James Monroe. University of Mary Washington. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
An unhappy event has occurr'd which has overwhelmed us with grief. At ten last night our beloved babe departed this life after several days sickness
-
- Stuart, Leibiger, ed. (2012). A Companion to James Madison and James Monroe. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118281437.
-
- Roberts, Cokie (2008). Ladies of Liberty: The Women Who Shaped Our Nation. Harper Collins. ISBN 9780060782344.
-
- "Louisa Catherine Adams: A Father Reflects on the Death of his Infant Daughter". Massachusetts Historical Society. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
...had been unwell for weeks. She experienced extreme discomfort due to teething (in his diary, JQA stated she was cutting seven teeth at the same time), had dysentery, and was feverish.
-
- "First Lady Biography: Louisa Adams". National First Ladies' Library. Archived from the original on May 9, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
-
- "Jackson's Children". Andrew Jackson's Hermitage. Retrieved December 14, 2024.
-
- Meredith, Rachel (March 31, 2013). 'THERE WAS SOMEBODY ALWAYS DYING AND LEAVING JACKSON AS GUARDIAN': THE WARDS OF ANDREW JACKSON (Thesis). Middle Tennessee State University.
-
- Remini, Robert V. (1977). Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Empire, 1767–1821. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc. pp. xxii. ISBN 0-8018-5912-3.
-
- Jackson, Andrew (January 1, 1980). "The Papers of Andrew Jackson: Volume I, 1770–1803". The Papers of Andrew Jackson: 415.
-
- "Children – Andrew Jackson's Adopted Family". The Hermitage. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
-
- "Notable Southern families v.2". HathiTrust. p. 90. Retrieved October 13, 2024.
-
- Plater, David D. (2015). The Butlers of Iberville Parish, Louisiana: Dunboyne Plantation in the 1800s. LSU Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 9780807161296.
-
- [1] Archived October 9, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, firstladies.org
-
- Wead, Doug (2004). All the Presidents' Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families. Simon and Schuster. p. 338. ISBN 9780743446310.
-
- Quinn, Sandra L.; Kanter, Sanford (1995). America's Royalty: All the Presidents' Children. Greenwood Publishing. p. 338. ISBN 9780743446334.
-
- Wead, Doug (2004). All the Presidents' Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families. Simon and Schuster. p. 339. ISBN 9780743446310.
-
- Family Search (subscription required)
-
- Janken, Kenneth Robert (2003). Walter White: Mr. NAACP. UNC Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-0807857809.
-
- "John Tyler: Most Children". July 31, 2013.
-
- "Marriage record of daughter listing Alice as mother". FamilySearch.
-
- Crapol, Edward P. (2006). John Tyler: The Accidental President. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-3041-3. LCCN 2005037963. OCLC 792887071.
-
- Forever Free: Abraham Lincoln's Journey to Emancipation at library.buffalo.edu/exhibits/ForeverFree/index.htm
-
- "A nation at a crossroads gets a new beginning".
-
- "Margaret Taylor Biography :: National First Ladies' Library". www.firstladies.org. Archived from the original on May 9, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2018.
-
- Wead, Doug (2004). All the Presidents' Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families. Simon and Schuster. p. 342. ISBN 9780743446310.
-
- Bauer, K. Jack (1993). Zachary Taylor: Soldier, Planter, Statesman of the Old Southwest. LSU Press. p. 30. ISBN 9780807118511.
-
- Bauer (August 1993). Zachary Taylor: Soldier, Planter, Statesman of the Old Southwes. LSU Press. p. 38. ISBN 9780807118511.
-
- "Millard Powers Fillmore Dead". The New York Times. November 16, 1889.
-
- Davenport, Don (2001). In Lincoln's Footsteps: A Historical Guide to the Lincoln Sites in Illinois. Big Earth Publishing. p. 210. ISBN 9781931599054.
-
- Emerson, Jason. Giant in the Shadows: The Life of Robert T. Lincoln. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2012, P. 478.
-
- "Abraham Lincoln and Chicago (Abraham Lincoln's Classroom)". The Lincoln Institute. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
-
- "The Lincoln Boys". Library of Congress. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved December 2, 2012.
-
- * Speer, W.S. (1888). "David T. Patterson". Sketches of prominent Tennesseans: Containing biographies and records of many of the families who have attained prominence in Tennessee. Nashville: A. B. Tavel. pp. 531–533. LCCN 08019465. OCLC 4252171. OL 6998321M.
-
- "Slaves of Andrew Johnson". July 20, 2023.
-
- Holland, Jesse J. (January 2016). The Invisibles: The Untold Story of African American Slaves in the White House. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 187–188. ISBN 978-1-4930-2419-3.
-
- Fling, Sarah (2020). "The Formerly Enslaved Households of President Andrew Johnson". White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
-
- "Liz, Florence, and Will (Dolly's Children)". National Park Service. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
William Johnson's death certificate was filled out by a relative who listed Robert Johnson as his father. (NPS Photo of Death Certificate)
-
- "William A. Johnson, 16 May 1943; Death, Knox, Tennessee, United States", Tennessee Deaths, 1914–1966, Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville – via FamilySearch
-
- Gould, Lewis L. (February 4, 2014). American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy. Routledge. ISBN 9781135311483.
-
- "Manning Force Hayes". Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
-
- Wead, Doug (2004). All the Presidents' Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families. Simon and Schuster. p. 348. ISBN 9780743446310.
-
- "Mary "Mollie" Garfield (U.S. National Park Service)".
-
- "Join Ancestry®". Ancestry.com.
-
- "Roosevelt Genealogy". fdrlibrary.marist.edu. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
-
- "DNA Is Said to Solve a Mystery of Warren Harding's Love Life". The New York Times. August 13, 2015.
-
- Cameron Hawley, "The Honored Name I Bear?", Life, October 11, 1954
-
- "Hoover Genealogy – Herbert Hoover National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)".
-
- "Herbert Clark Hoover (1903 – 1969)". Office of the Historian, Bureau of Public Affairs, United States Department of State. Retrieved August 25, 2010.
-
- "David Boynton Roosevelt (1942-2022)". Retrieved December 12, 2023.
-
- Doug Wead (2003). All the Presidents' All the Presidents' Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's Families. Simon & Schuster. p. 359. ISBN 978-0743446310.
-
- "The Carter Family". jimmycarter.info. March 24, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2023.
-
- Haberman, Maggie (November 20, 2016). "Melania and Barron Trump Won't Immediately Move to White House". The New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
-
Sources
- Bonnie Angelo, First Families: The Impact of the White House on Their Lives, ISBN 0-06-056356-7
- William A. Degregorio, The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents, Wings Books, 1991
- Doug Wead, All the President's Children: Triumph and Tragedy in the Lives of America's First Families, Atria Books, New York, 2003, ISBN 0-7434-4631-3
Further reading
- Larry D. Underwood. All the President's Children, Dageford Publishing, 2002, ISBN 1-886225-85-0 (a children's book)
- Quinn-Musgrove, Sandra L. and Kanter, Sanford, America's Royalty: All the President's Children, Olympic Marketing, ISBN 0-313-23645-3
Lists related to presidents and vice presidents of the United States
|
|
Presidents |
Professional
career |
|
Personal life |
|
Depictions
and honors |
|
|
Vice presidents |
|
Succession |
|
Elections |
|
Candidates |
|
|
|